Long Pipelines cross thru some of the harshest mountainous terrain which places the Pipeline under shearing forces which can cause ruptures. Various strain sensors are placed on the pipeline to reveal how the pipe is being deformed by the landslide.
With the monitoring data various remedial engineering solutions can be taken such as providing stress relief excavation to the pipeline and additional horizontal drainage can be performed on the slope.
Real-Time Remote monitoring of platform integrity such as sway, stress, strain and torsion natural frequencies of the platform in response to changing of weather patterns and ocean wave over the years has become part of the platform maintenance program . Any significant change in these values could indicate a loss in stiffness and would require further investigation from the maintenance crew.